Heredity & Genetics ·
Heredity in practice
Heredity in practice. — Every new life is created by a combination of a woman's egg cell and a man's sperm cell. These are called "reproductive cells". Egg cell = …
Heredity & Genetics
The science behind the feathers
83 articles
Heredity & Genetics ·
Inheritance and reproduction
Inheritance and reproduction. — Introduction. The beginnings of genetics are so far behind us that it can no longer be traced. However, we can imagine that in earlier centuries people …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Mendel's laws
Mendel's Laws. In nature these laws play a lesser role than in the breeding loft of the bird lover. Breeders must therefore carefully take the heredity of their birds into …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Crossing over recombination of factors
Crossing over or recombination of factors. — "My bird is purebred, isn't it?" That exclamation is heard regularly, and it is all too familiar to many enthusiasts. Breeders are increasingly …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 1: Birds in a bird's-eye view
Foreword: Part 1 A few years ago the idea occurred to me to put something on paper about birds in general — a concise and accessible explanation of bird life …
Breeding & Incubation ·
The Stock Breeding
This will certainly be nothing new for the experienced breeder of canary birds and/or mutations. The fact that top birds are immediately bred as soon as stock breeding is done …
Colour Mutations ·
New mutation Beryl?
Exploration of a new mutation named 'Beryl' During a visit to the Diamond Bird Show in the new event hall 'De Populier' in Zandhoven (B) on Saturday, October 13, we …
Health, Diseases & Treatment ·
Course Part 31: Diseases in canary birds
The biggest problem bird keepers face. Actually, this section should be left to an expert veterinarian. Unfortunately, veterinarians who specialize in cage and aviary birds are still few and far …
Health, Diseases & Treatment ·
Course Part 30: Disinfection and Control
It is often said, and rightly so: "Prevention is better than cure." Certainly also for this topic. It strikes me that in 1999 no one would have to suffer from …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course part 29 - Keeping Canaries
KEEPING CANARIES (Abridged Guidelines) - Part 29 If you want to keep birds, there are different ways to do so: in a community aviary, in an indoor enclosure with a …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 28: Old new naming
new name Old name Part 28. I. THE FAT COLORS. A. THE YELLOW FACTOR. Yellow intensive/ Golden yellow Yellow mold Straw yellow B. THE RED FACTOR. Red intensive Red intensive …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 27: What is a tribe
What is a Tribe — Part 27. 1. What is a strain of color canaries? They are four birds that are as uniform as possible, of the same breed, color, …
Breeding & Incubation ·
Course Part 26: Stock breeding
LINE CULTIVATION OR STOCK CULTIVATION. Part 26. For me — and for many enthusiasts — stock breeding is the only and best method to achieve success in breeding canaries and …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 25: Common Mistakes
Common errors Part 25. These errors occur regularly. There are also errors in posture, including pressed, lying posture, leaning back, reserved, nervous, butterflying, on the ground, dirty, etc. OTHER COMMON …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 24: Formal errors etc
ERRORS IN SHAPE, FEATHERING ETC. Part 24. People often write about breeding birds and how they should be. However, canary breeders and exhibitors alike also understand how crucial other aspects …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 23: Secondary Properties
REQUIREMENTS SET FOR THE ADDITIONAL PROPERTIES. Part 23. The size. The optimal size of a typical colored canary has evolved in recent years from 13.5 cm to 14 cm, with …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 22: The Canary Bird
There are also a number of additional properties of the bird. These are very important for the bird's appearance. In short, it is very important to take this into account …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 21: The Keurfice
HOOD FIGURES FOR COLOR CANARIES — Part 21. See the example below for this. Each country and/or federation has its own emblem on the inspection sheet. The COM always uses …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 20: Canary History
History of the Canary — Part 20. The color canary has been in full development in recent years. Just think of the eumo, the onyx and other new colors that …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 19: The Onyx
The Onyx – Part 19 Preliminary advice about the onyx. (Today a completely new standard has been drawn up for this. If you want to continue with these birds, it …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 18: The Eumo
The Eumo. Part 18. The eumo factor originated in van Haaff around 1982, and was therefore called the "van Haaff mutant" for a long time. In 1991, several committees decided …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 17: The Topaz factor
The Topaz Factor — Part 17. The topaz factor is said to have originated and developed in France, from black-red phaeo. The name, just like opal, refers to a type …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 16: The Satinet
The Satin Factor: Part 16. The Satinet is a beautiful mutation for which not everything has been said and written yet. Currently it is not yet certain whether the Satin …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 15: The Phaeo factor
The phaeo or ino factor: Part 15 The ino or phaeo factor acts mainly on ALL eumelanins; so all the brown and black eumelanin is pushed out of the appearance …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 13: The Greywing
The gray-winged factor. Part 13. The gray-winged factor is usually found in birds from the black pastel series. We also sometimes see bleached flight feathers in agate pastel, which is …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 12: The new colors
***IMG0__ The NEW COLORS Part 12. The pastel factor (2° reduction factor) All black and brown eumelanin are reduced (reduced) by it. However, the effect of this factor is most …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 10: Grease and Mosaic
THE FAT COLORS - Part 10. Fatty colors determine the ground color of our color canaries, ranging from yellow to red. As previously discussed in relation to pigment formation, according …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course part 9 b: The Tail Pen
Tail feather black-yellow — about 70 mm long. Part 9b
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 9: The melanized
THE MELANISED Part 9. The ancestor of our modern-day canary was the wild canary: a grey-green gray bird that, in addition to its good singing qualities, also carried all the …
Colour Mutations ·
Course Part 8: Pigment formation
PIGMENTATION. Part 8. A. Melanin. In order to be complete and to better understand the changes in melanin content in colored canaries, we are obliged to delve a little deeper …
Colour Mutations ·
Course part 7: The Blue Factor
THE CLASSIC BLUE FACTOR. Part 7. This factor, also called lemon factor or "optical factor" or simply "blue structure", mainly causes a "structural change": the beards of the feather, especially …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 6: Intensive or Mold
** 2. 2. THE INTENSIVE AND FUNGAL FACTOR. Part 6.** Neither one nor the other is a color in itself. They are color-influencing factors that, because they are so important, …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 5: The crossingover
Crossing over factors : Part 5. This is the breaking and regrowth, but wrongly joining together of chromosome pieces! We should have great admiration for nature, but sometimes things go …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 4: Heredity
ERFELIJKHEID: Deel 4 : Doelstelling : Iedereen die met kleurkanaries te maken krijgt, of het nu om het kweken, tentoonstellen of keuren gaat, kan niet om dit eerste hoofdstuk heen. …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course Part 3: Content assignments
TABLE OF CONTENTS. Heredity. Intensive and fungal factor. The classic blue factor. Pigment formation. The melanized (classic colours). The fatty colours. The yellow factor. The red factor. The mosaic factor. …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course part 2: The foreword
FOREWORD. Part 2. This folder was compiled with the aim of obtaining a uniform lesson package for all candidate color canary judges. and for those enthusiasts who are interested in …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Course part 1: The Cover Page
Dear Bird Friends: This course on colored canaries, which you have just opened, is a somewhat outdated course on colored canaries, but certainly still educational for the novice fancier. Since …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Heredity in general
Erfelijkheidsleer is gebaseerd op natuurwetten .volgens dewelke eigenschappen van ouders, en in mindere mate ook van voorouders, overgedragen worden op de nakomelingen.De wijze waarop dit geschiedt, noemt men de studie …
Colour Mutations ·
The 4 classic melanin
IMG0_ *The 4 Classical Melanins: Wout van Gils. General . This group includes the four basic series (black, brown, agate & isabel series). These four basic pigment groups can occur …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Revised List Genetic Symbols
Revised List of Genetic Symbols for Canaries By: Inte Onsman. Working group Development and Innovation at Kleurkanaries in collaboration with MUTAVI Research & Advisory group Mutation Inheritance Wild type Mutant …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Technical committee 2001
**Dear colleagues; ** We are approximately in the middle of the judging season and, as promised in a previous letter, some observations and recommendations have been made after observations at …
Heredity & Genetics ·
New symbols ????? Inte Osman
New vision on: Terminology and Symbol Use in Canaries By: Inte Onsman. Working group Development and Innovation at Kleurkanaries in collaboration with MUTAVI Research & Advisory group Uniformity in the …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 12: Closing words
**Generalities and conclusion. wout van gils** If a bird is abnormally thirsty, it is always wet and sticky under the perch, if it eats no or little seed, but eats …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 1: fundamentals in the bird hobby
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIRD BURGLARY Wout van Gils. Just as a house must be built on foundations, our bird hobby is also underpinned by a number of foundations that determine the …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 15: Closing words
FINAL WORD. Dear bird friends, do you agree with my title: “BIRDS IN A BIRD'S FLIGHT” Do you also agree that this will be useful for many and that it …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 14: Bibliography
LITERATURE CONSULTED. 1) The Bird World (Dennis Avon and Tony Tilford) 2) Breeding birds (Moussault) 3) Monthly magazine De Witte Spreeuwen and AOB 4) Colored canaries (Goeyvaerts and Lelièvre) 5) …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 13: Easy to know
EASY TO KNOW. Wout.van. Gils. LINESS : Double term; is used for tracing back to the primordial ancestor and for tracing back to ancestors of different races at the origin …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 12: The Tribe
THE TRIBE. Wout van Gils. In short, we can say that a strain is breeding the same birds that have the best possible approximation of the standard requirements. That this …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 11: The mutation (freak of nature)
THE MUTATION. Breeding wout van gils Wout.van. Gils. As I already mentioned, a mutation is a ***“FIRE OF NATURE”, *** in other words, nature sometimes allows itself strange leaps. Suddenly …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 10: Judging Bastards
JUDGING BASTARDS. Part 10 Wout.van. Gils. - Hybrid breeding is increasing very rapidly. Almost every exhibitor and breeder has already created hybrid products. Now everything seems possible and is still …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 9: Crossbreeds and hybrids
CROSSINGS AND HYBRIDS Wout.van. Gils. Generalities: In nature there will be few cases of crossbreeding. Nature itself has created a kind of barrier to allow everything to live together in …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 8: Standards and factors
STANDARDS AND FACTORS : Wout.van. Gils These have been recorded by the Hr. TAYLOR and WAGNER , who first used the "nomenclature" in birds. Much later, the HR. VEERKAMP used …
Breeding & Incubation ·
Part 7: Origin of man or doll
***IMG0__ ** Pop ... Man. CREASE OF MAN X-X OR POP X-Y . w.v. Gils. We now know that the body (living being) is made up of millions of body …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 6: The cells
THE CELLS In an earlier passage I wrote about the FIRST CELL, and now I want to say a little more about it. There are two types of cells: A) …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 5: Heredity
THE HERITAGE This plays a lesser role in nature than it does for many bird lovers in the coop. These breeders must take the birds' heredity into account. That's why …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 4: Topography of a bird
Topography of a bird There is something about this in every good bird book. I just want to reiterate the most important things that are important to us. The most …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 3: Classification of species
CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES To help all bird watchers, ornithologists, zoologists and others around the world understand which bird is being talked about, a system of scientific names has been developed …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 2: Descent of our birds
Descent of OUR BIRDS. Part 2 - We used to learn at school that our earth had been inhabited by a certain number of animal species since creation. That a …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Part 20: The closing words
Final word: Part 20 I hope that with this written booklet on “Care and prevention of bird diseases” you have gained some more insight into what our hobby is all …
Breeding & Incubation ·
Line breeding or stock breeding
Line breeding or stock breeding. This breeding method is for me — and for many enthusiasts with me — the only and best way to successfully breed canaries. All hidden …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Dissecting Canaries
Dissecting canaries. 1. If you plan to breed canaries, it is essential to first consult, read and study the standard — you need to know it. Buy from a selective …
Colour Mutations ·
correct naming of the bird
The correct naming (parts) of our canary birds W. v. Gils. The names of the parts of our canary birds are known to most fanciers, but there is sometimes confusion …
Heredity & Genetics ·
History of the canary
History and development of the canary. The Serinus Canarius. Wout van Gils There are various stories about the development of the canary. It is difficult to say which one should …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Easy to know
Easy to know. LINESS : Double term; is used for tracing back to the primordial ancestor and for tracing back to ancestors of different races at the origin of the …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Topography of a bird
Topography of a bird. Every good bird book can contain something on this subject. I would like to highlight only the most important points that are relevant to us. The …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Heredity in practice
Heredity in practice. Wout van Gils Every new life is created by the fusion of a woman's egg cell and a man's sperm cell. Both are called "REPRODUCTIVE CELLS" . …
Breeding & Incubation ·
Never change a winning team
Never change a winning team Wout van Gils — Judge AoB/COM Nowadays, most canary breeders specialize in three or four colors — some even in one color. In my opinion, …
Heredity & Genetics ·
The mutation
The mutation As I mentioned earlier, a mutation is a "freak of nature" — in other words, nature sometimes allows itself to make strange leaps. Suddenly a bird appears that …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Short factors in canaries
Short factor effect on color canaries Classic colours Black series: Complete possession of black eumelanin and brown phaeomelanin. Agate series: Reduction of mainly brown phaeomelanin, and to a lesser extent …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Is recessive × recessive lethal?
Recessive white × recessive white — lethal? No! Introduction Every now and then you still hear: "Are you breeding recessive white on recessive white — is that possible? I thought …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Discovery in scientific research
Discoveries in the scientific research of canaries Testosterone in the egg yolk The canary pupa releases an increasingly higher amount of testosterone (male sex hormone) to the successively laid eggs. …
Heredity & Genetics ·
New vision on symbol use
New vision on terminology and symbol use in canaries By Inte Onsman Working group Development and Innovation at Kleurkanaries in collaboration with MUTAVI Research & Advice Group Introduction Uniformity in …
Colour Mutations ·
Dyes and their effect
Dyes and their effect Our birds have properties that are completely different from those of other animals. The way they move is completely different, their song is not found in …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Homezygote and Hetrozygote
Homozygous and heterozygous There are countless birds that, in addition to their outer color, also have hidden colors. Such birds usually arise when two non-breeding birds are crossed together, so …
Heredity & Genetics ·
The operation of the factors
The effect of the factors in color canaries Introduction In all bird books about our color canaries we come across the terms "norms and factors". These were first used by …
Heredity & Genetics ·
The danger of inbreeding
The danger of inbreeding After my article about the power of inbreeding and the reactions it received, I also want to write something about its dangers. The responses got me …
Heredity & Genetics ·
The power of inbreeding
The power of inbreeding It regularly happens that an enthusiast purchases one or more good birds and then mates them with random birds from his bird population. In the years …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Concepts in heredity
Concepts in heredity Introduction When enthusiasts hear the word heredity or see an article in a trade magazine, we are often tempted to skip it or not to look into …
Heredity & Genetics ·
History and origins of the canary
History and development of the canary. The Serinus Canarius. There are various stories about the development of the canary. Which story should be considered the most correct is difficult to …
Heredity & Genetics ·
Erfelijkheid moeilijk lees dit eens
Heredity difficult? Then read this! Do you find genetics too difficult or do you simply not want to delve too deeply into it? Then here are a number of points …